![]() If you try using other tools, you'll quickly discover they're ineffective against this mighty block.Ĭrafting the pickaxe:If you don't already have a diamond or netherite pickaxe, you'll need to craft one. These powerful tools are the only ones capable of breaking through obsidian's incredible durability. In this section, we'll help you choose the perfect pickaxe and guide you through the mining process.Ĭhoosing the right pickaxe: To successfully mine obsidian, you'll need either a diamond pickaxe or a netherite pickaxe. But beware, obsidian is one of the toughest blocks in Minecraft, so you'll need the right tool for the job. Having transformed the lava into obsidian, the next step in your journey is to mine the obsidian block. To do this, follow the version-specific controls mentioned earlier in the "Filling the bucket with water" section. Retrieve the water:After the transformation is complete, it's time to collect your water back into the bucket. ![]() This action will cause the lava to solidify into obsidian Pour water onto the lava: With your water bucket selected, use the controls specific to your version of Minecraft to pour water onto the lava source. Be sure to keep a safe distance to avoid accidentally stepping into the fiery liquid. You've located lava and prepared your water bucket – now it's time for the exciting part, turning that fiery liquid into stunning obsidian! In this section, we'll walk you through the process of using your water bucket to transform lava into the obsidian block you've been longing for.Īpproach the lava source: Equip your water bucket and carefully approach the lava. Let's move on to the magical moment of transforming lava into obsidian! Education Edition: Right-click on the water.Īnd there you have it! With your water bucket ready to go, you're all set for the next step in creating obsidian.Windows 10 Edition: Right-click on the water.Nintendo Switch: Press the ZL button on the controller.Wii U: Press the ZL button on the gamepad.PS3 and PS4: Press the L2 button on the PS controller.Xbox 360 and Xbox One: Press the LT button on the Xbox controller.Java Edition (PC/Mac): Right-click on the water.To fill your bucket, follow the controls for your specific version of Minecraft: Don't forget that you can also find water in village wells or by melting ice blocks in colder biomes.įilling the bucket with water: Once you've located a water source, equip the empty bucket in your hotbar and approach the water. Look for lakes, rivers, or even small ponds scattered throughout your Minecraft world. Just like that, you're one step closer to making obsidian!įinding a water source: With your empty bucket in hand, it's time to search for water. Once you have the ingots, open your crafting table, and place the ingots in a V-shape to craft your bucket. You can obtain iron ingots by smelting iron ore in a furnace. In this section, we'll guide you through crafting a bucket and filling it with water, setting you up for success in your obsidian-making journey.Ĭrafting the bucket: To create a bucket, you'll need three iron ingots. ![]() Combining water with lava is the key to forming obsidian in Minecraft, so having a water bucket handy is essential. Now that you've found your lava source, it's time to prepare a water bucket. However, be prepared for the challenges that await you in this dangerous and fiery realm. Visit the Nether: If you're feeling adventurous, you can always venture into the Nether, where lava is abundant. ![]() They often have lava-filled forges, providing you with an easily accessible lava source. Search for blacksmiths in villages: If you come across a village during your travels, be sure to check out the blacksmith's building. Be cautious, though, and always use the "dig one block at a time" approach to avoid falling into a lava pool. If you're up for some mining, dig down to these lower levels and search for lava lakes. Just make sure to bring along plenty of torches to light your way and stay safe from lurking mobs.ĭig deep: Lava frequently spawns between levels 1 and 10 in the Overworld. Venturing into these dark and mysterious areas can be a great way to locate lava pools. Keep your ears peeled, and you might just stumble upon a hidden lava source.Įxplore caves and ravines: Lava is commonly found in underground caves and ravines. Lava often makes distinct bubbling and popping noises that can give away its location. Listen for the sounds: As you explore your Minecraft world, pay close attention to the sounds around you. But worry not, we've got you covered with some helpful tips to find lava quickly and safely! Lava, the scorching hot liquid that flows beneath the surface, is essential to the obsidian-making process. Before you can craft the mighty obsidian block, you'll need to locate a lava source in your Minecraft world.
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![]() Patients who did not complete pulmonary function examination and refused to participate were excluded. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant. All the patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of ALS according to the revised Escorial criteria, and the diagnosis was confirmed by two professional neurologists. ![]() For the validation cohort, 62 newly diagnosed ALS patients were enrolled from Oct. ![]() In the present study, we aimed to screen the survival-related pulmonary function parameters, and subsequently explored the predictive value of PEF in disease severity and prognosis for ALS.įor the discovery cohort, 221 ALS patients were recruited serially from the Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from Dec. Advantageously, PEF can be measured by a household peak flow meter, which is simple in structure, easy to use, cheap, and can be self-monitored at home. Peak expiratory flow (PEF) is another useful pulmonary function index, which was defined as the maximum expiratory flow per minute. So it is necessary to explore more practical and feasible pulmonary function indexes for the prediction of progression and survival in ALS. For those patients at the later stage of ALS, the pulmonary function tests are hardly carried out due to their unwillingness or inability to come to the hospital owing to their mobility inconvenience. For the time being, the pulmonary function tests are mainly performed by respiratory physiotherapists in hospitals with specialized instrumentation (MS-PFT spirometer), and largely depend on the cooperation of ALS patient. Forced vital capacity (FVC) is the most important respiratory index highly correlated with survival in ALS. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) have been frequently applied for evaluating respiratory function. The assessment of respiratory function and respiratory care are therefore of great importance for ALS patients. Due to the rapidly progressive loss of motor function, most ALS patients die within 2 to 5 years after symptom onset, usually as a consequence of respiratory failure. Clinically, it is featured by adult onset, male predominance, upper limb muscle weakness and atrophy, and relentless progression involving trunk and bulbar muscles. PEF is an easily available pulmonary function index, which is also a promising indicator in predicting disease severity and survival for ALS patients.Īmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a chronic, incurable and fatal neurodegenerative disease, pathologically characterized by progressive loss of motor neurons in the motor cortex, brainstem, and spinal cord. Our work emphasizes the critical role of PFTs in predicting prognosis of ALS patients. Finally, we also confirmed that the values of KOKA-measured PEF were highly correlated with the ones measured using MS-PFT spirometer ( r = 0.9644, p < 0.0001). Besides, the values of PEF were positively associated with disease severity (ALSFRS-R score, r s = 0.539, P < 0.0001), and negatively associated with progression rate (ΔALSFRS-R, r s = -0.316, P < 0.0001). ResultsĪmong 12 pulmonary function parameters, FVC, FEV1, PEF, MEF75%, and MVV were identified to be independent predictive factors for survival. In the validation cohort, 62 newly diagnosed ALS patients performed the pulmonary function test by MS-PFT spirometer and household peak flow meter (KOKA) simultaneously. The discovery cohort included 202 ALS patients, and the demographic and clinical characteristics of eligible patients were collected and pulmonary function tests were performed using MS-PFT spirometer. In the present study, we aim to screen the survival-related pulmonary function parameters, and to explore the predictive value of peak expiratory flow (PEF) in disease severity and prognosis in patients with ALS. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable and fatal neurodegenerative disease most ALS patients die within 3 to 5 years after symptom onset, usually as a consequence of respiratory failure. ![]() The university has been named as an excellent employer by several publications. Īs of 2021, Duke is the fourth-largest private employer in North Carolina, with more than 43,000 employees. Duke is the alma mater of one president of the United States ( Richard Nixon) and 14 living billionaires. Duke alumni also include 50 Rhodes Scholars, the third highest number of Churchill Scholars of any university (behind Princeton and Harvard), and the fifth-highest combined total numbers of Rhodes, Marshall, Truman, Goldwater, and Udall Scholars of any American university between 19. As of 2019, 15 Nobel laureates and 3 Turing Award winners have been affiliated with the university. More than a dozen faculty regularly appear on annual lists of the world's most-cited researchers. Duke spends more than $1 billion per year on research, making it one of the ten largest research universities in the United States. ĭuke's undergraduate admissions are among the most selective in the United States, with an overall acceptance rate of 6.2% for the class of 2026. The university administers two concurrent schools in Asia, Duke–NUS Medical School in Singapore (established in 2005) and Duke Kunshan University in Kunshan, China (established in 2013). East Campus, 1.5 miles (2.4 kilometers) away, home to all first-years, contains Georgian-style architecture. The West Campus-designed largely by architect Julian Abele, an African American architect who graduated first in his class at the University of Pennsylvania School of Design-incorporates Gothic architecture with the 210-foot (64-meter) Duke Chapel at the campus' center and highest point of elevation, is adjacent to the Medical Center. The campus spans over 8,600 acres (3,500 hectares) on three contiguous sub-campuses in Durham, and a marine lab in Beaufort. ![]() ![]() In 1924, tobacco and electric power industrialist James Buchanan Duke established The Duke Endowment and the institution changed its name to honor his deceased father, Washington Duke. Founded by Methodists and Quakers in the present-day city of Trinity in 1838, the school moved to Durham in 1892. For the dip, mix all ingredients together.Location of Duke University in the United Statesĭuke University is a private research university in Durham, North Carolina.Repeat with the remaining fruit and rice papers. Put onto a plate with the folded side down. Add desired fruit and mint (if using) over one side, then tuck the in top and bottom and roll.Remove and carefully place it out flat on a large plate.Place one summer roll paper into the warm water for a few seconds to soften.Half-fill a large bowl with warm water.Prepare the fruit first and put into bowls.8 rice paper summer roll wrappers available in the Asian section of most larger supermarkets.Add in the desired amount of ranch seasoning per personal preference.Pour 2 cups cottage cheese into a blender or food processor.Place cucumbers and dry ranch seasoning in a container with lid or ziptop bag.Peel cucumber to preferred preference (or simply leave the skin on).1 Tablespoon ranch seasoning, or more as needed.See the best eats in the Piedmont Triad with FOX8 Foodie! Ranch Cucumber Chips: ![]() For sets & multipacks all pieces are counted together as one product in calculations. Based on that, we calculate how much of that weight is made out by each material. The total weight of the product is calculated by adding the weight of all layers and main components together. We exclude the weight of minor components such as, but not exclusively: threads, buttons, zippers, embellishments and prints. Powdered cleansers such as Comet or Ajax contain bleach that can discolor clothing or other fabric.įor more information on fixing bleached clothes, see our guide How to Remove Bleach Stains from Fabric.The total weight of this product contains.Other household items, such as hydrogen peroxide and certain whitening toothpastes, can have a bleaching effect on certain types of fabric, so exercise caution.If you have a pool, the chlorine that you add to your pool can bleach your clothing.If these get on your clothing, they will leave bleach stains. Be careful when using certain anti-bacterial spray cleaners that contain bleach.Bleach can be hiding in unexpected places:.When pouring bleach, make sure no colored clothes are within splashing distance.whites) in the same basket, or even in the same dryer with colored clothes-any remaining bleach residue may bleed onto the others clothes, causing bleach marks and discoloration. Do not place clothes that have been bleached (i.e.After adding bleach to the bleach dispenser in your washer, flush the dispenser with several capfuls of water so that no bleach residue will remain to ruin the next load of clothes.Following these simple precautions can help you to do that: The best way to deal with bleach marks is to avoid them to begin with. This works especially well if the bleach mark is on a pair of pants (especially jeans) where patches don’t look too out of place. Try covering up the bleach mark with a patch. You may have to redo the spots after the next wash as the permanent marker may fade. Simply use a permanent marker that most closely matches the color of your item, and color in the bleached spots. This technique works best on black or dark colored items. ![]() If the bleach marks on your item are small and/or inconspicuous, you may try the “quick fix” of using a permanent marker. Who knows? You may actually like the effect. Prepare yourself: you may end up with a tie dye look. ![]() Or, you can hand wash the item with bleach in the water. Place the item in a small load wash with a small amount of bleach. If bleach has splattered on your item, you might try just bleaching the whole item, and living with whatever new color emerges. The best way to fix the problem with dye is to either apply the dye only to the bleached spot, or use a dye remover (also available in the laundry aisle of most supermarkets) first to remove the rest of the dye from the garment so that it can be re-dyed completely and evenly. ![]() You can find a color that most closely matches your item, and follow the directions to dye the entire item the new color, however this does not usually resolve the problem unless the item was already a light color because the bleached area will become dyed in a different way (often lighter) than the rest of the item. In the laundry aisle of most stores you can find clothing dye. Even if all of the dye is already out of the fabric, bleach will continue to eat the fabric and leave a hole if allowed to remain, so it is important to remove all of the residue as soon as possible. Before you do anything else though, rinse the area thoroughly with cold water. It can’t be “unbleached.” However, all may not be lost, and there are a couple of remedies that may help you to salvage your item. Bleach takes the color out of fabric, period. In all honesty, you can’t really undo a bleach mark. What can you do about it? Can it be fixed, or does it mean that article of clothing is forever ruined? Bleach gets on your one of your favorite shirts or pants, and you have an ugly, discolored mark. Some crew members claimed there were so many complaints made to the labor union SAG-AFTRA that a rep from the organization showed up on the Los Angeles set. “It felt toxic to me because I don’t think anybody was really happy to be there,” one anonymous extra told the Daily Beast in March. ![]() Ferreira with co-star Zendaya and “Euphoria” creator Sam Levinson. Several disgruntled crew members and extras spoke out about their “hellish” experiences filming the horny HBO drama, accusing production of failing to provide them with adequate meals and bathroom breaks. The news comes just months after HBO was forced to defend itself over several reports of a “toxic” workplace environment. Ferreira played Kat Hernandez in “Euphoria.” HBO The Post has reached out to HBO and Ferreira’s reps for further comment. Love you Katherine Hernandez,” she concluded. I put all my care and love into her and I hope you guys could feel it. hope many of you could see yourself in her like I did and that she brought you joy to see her journey into the character she is today. ![]() Ferreira said she will not be returning for Season 3. “After four years of getting to embody the most special and enigmatic character Kat, I’m having to say a very teary-eyed goodbye,” she wrote alongside a “fan art” drawing of her character that co-star Hunter Schafer, who plays Jules in the show, made for her. Taking to her Instagram Story, Ferreira said she will not be returning to East Highland High School for Season 3. The 25-year-old, whose character attempts to do just about anything to change her reputation in high school, announced the news on social media Wednesday. ![]() Actress Barbie Ferreira, best known for her role as Kat Hernandez in “Euphoria,” has announced her departure from the hit HBO show. To make your search easier for Hawaii reef-safe sunscreens, here are 21 sunscreens that will protect you from the sun and are reef-safe (per current research). The more I research reef-safe sunscreens, the more complicated I find the problem.
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